Akbar (1556-1605 AD), gold mohur, Dar ul-Khilafat Agra mint, AH 982, KM 108.1, Liddle Akbar G-6, 24.40mm, 10.83g. Obv: Shahada and date within a dotted square border along with a flower bud symbol above the word allah; names and titles of Rashidoons around. Rev: Full name and title of the Emperor Jalal al-Din Muhammad Akbar Badshah Ghazi in a mihrab-shaped dotted cartouche with invocation Khallada Allah Mulkahu at top and mint-name below.

A visually appealing specimen, Extremely fine, Very rare.

Provenance: P.R. Krishna Collection

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Akbar (1556-1605 AD), gold mohur, Dar ul-Khilafat Agra mint, AH 980, KM 106.1, 20.72mm, 10.78g. Obv: Kalima within curved quarter foil. Rev: Full name and title of the Emperor Jalal al-Din Muhammad Akbar Badshah Ghazi with AH date in oblong square; invocation at top and mint-name below.

Good very fine, Very rare.

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Akbar (1556-1605 AD), gold mohur, Dar us-Sultanat Ahmadabad mint, AH 985, KM 108.2, 21.42mm, 10.92g. Obv: Shahada and date within a dotted square border, names and titles of Rashidoons around. Rev: Full name and title of the Emperor Jalal al-Din Muhammad Akbar Badshah Ghazi in a mihrab-shaped dotted cartouche with mint-name below.

An attractive specimen with high relief striking, Uncirculated with underlying luster, Very rare.

Provenance: P.R. Krishna Collection

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Akbar (1556-1605 AD) - silver ¼ rupee, Ahmadabad mint, Ilahi legend but dated AH 987, 2.84g. Obv: Persian legend Allahu Akbar and AH date. Rev: Mint-name.

Excellent eye appeal, Extremely fine, Extremely rare.

In AH987 Akbar issued fractional silver coins from the mints of Lahore, Ahmadabad, Fatehpur, Tanda and Bang with the legend “Allahu Akbar” - this is unusual because the promulgation of the Ilahi community and launch of the Ilahi Era took place more than two years later. During this time, Akbar famously held discussions with Hindu, Jain, Christian and Zoroastrian scholars to understand the nature of God, Ethics and Metaphysics through different religious tenets. He also contemplated his own stature as a divine being. The arrangement of the words “Akbar Allahu” (Akbar is God) on these coins perhaps reflects these thoughts - however they were strongly denied by historians like Badayuni.

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Akbar (1556-1605 AD) - gold mohur, uncertain mint with epithet 'Baldah', AH 993, unlisted in KM, traces of mounting, 10.75g. Obv: Shahada in circle. Rev: Full name of the emperor in centre, titles al-Sultān al-Khāqān above with invocation Khallada Allah Ta'ala Mulkahu wa Saltanahu divided in margins above and below; mint-name in lower margin partly visible.

Very fine, Unique.

This is a highly unusual gold coin in terms of its design, date of issue and mint. Unlike any other coins of Akbar, it has a 'crescent' mark at the end of the word 'Muhammad' in the Shahada which is enclosed in a circular margin. Its date of issue (AH 993) is much too late for the usual run of issue of coins of the 'Shahada' type, and it appears to have the epithet 'Baldah' (visible at 6 o'clock on the reverse) for the mint-name. 'Baldah' is known as epithet for the mints of Agra, Sahrind and Kalpi for Akbar's coinage but the very small remnants of the mint seen to the left of the word do not appear to fit any of these. From very small details visible after 'Baldah', it is plausible that the word following it could be 'Banaras’. AH 993 corresponds to 1585AD. In this year, Akbar moved his capital to Lahore from Fatehpur and launched the invasion of Kashmir, which he annexed in the following year. Being based at Lahore also helped him consolidate his hold over frontier province of Kabul as it was being targeted by Uzbek raids.

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Akbar (1556-1605 AD) - silver rupee, rectangular Kalima type, al-Zarb Bang mint (fully visible), AH 1010, 11.17g Obv: Kalima within rectangular border, names of Rashidoon caliphs, preceded by the epithet 'Hazrat', in margins. Rev: Full name of the emperor in the centre, mint name below and invocation Khallada Allah Ta'ala Mulkahu above.

Nice toned, About extremely fine, Exceedingly rare.

The conquest of Bengal was completed only after the rebellion of the Baro-Bhuiyan zamindars led by Isa Khan was quelled in 1599. The style and calligraphy of this coin suggests it was struck in Eastern Bengal, as it is very close to the very rare issues of Dhaka mint. The occurrence of Rashidoon caliphs appended with title 'Hazrat' is also unique.

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Akbar (1556-1605 AD), silver rupee, Dewal Bandar mint, month Khurdad, KM 93.9, 11.32g. Obv: Persian legend Jalla Jalalahu Allahu Akbar. Rev: Mint-name and Ilahi month.

Beautifully toned, sharp strike with thick flan, decorative floriated fields on both sides. Extremely fine, Extremely rare. One of the finest known specimens.

Dewal Bandar, located near present-day Karachi in Pakistan, was an ancient and historically significant port. Known for its flourishing maritime trade with the Gulf region, it served as a major commercial and strategic hub throughout medieval times. Debal served as a major seaport and played a crucial role during the first Arab invasion of Sindh under Muhammad bin Qasim, marking the beginning of Islamic rule in the region. During the Mughal era, Emperor Akbar incorporated Dewal Bandar and nearby Lahri (Lari Bandar) under the administrative control of Thatta, the chief provincial center of Sindh. Notably, Akbar was the only Mughal emperor to mint coins at Dewal Bandar and Lahri Bandar.

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Akbar (1556-1605 AD), gold mohur, Jaunpur mint, AH 973, KM 105.4. Obv: Kalima within curved cinqfoil border with the names of four Caliphs around. Rev: Full name of the emperor in centre, titles al-Sultān al-Khāqān with invocation Khallada Allah Ta'ala Mulkahu wa Saltanahu divided in margins above and below; mint-name in lower margin. An attractive example exhibiting bold, sharply rendered details.

NGC AU58 (Top Pop - Highest Grade), Extremely rare.

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Akbar (1556-1605 AD), gold mohur, Jaunpur mint, AH 984, flower mint-mark on obverse, KM 108.3, Liddle Akbar G-6, 21.68mm, 10.88g. Obv: Shahada and date within a dotted square border. Rev: Full name of the Emperor Jalal ud-Din Muhammad Akbar Badshah Ghazi within a dotted rectangle, with mint name below.

Sharp strike, About extremely fine, Very rare.

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Akbar (1556-1605 AD) - gold mohur of 9-rupees (normal weight), Kalima type, Patna mint, AH 988, 10.87g. Obv: Kalima within a calligraphic rectangle formed by marginal inscriptions, which refer to the names and qualities of the Rashidoon caliphs. Rev: Full name of the emperor in the centre, mint name below and invocation Khallada Allah Ta'ala Mulkahu above.

High relief lettering, A visually striking coin with strong eye appeal. Uncirculated, Exceedingly rare.

The rectangular Kalima type mohurs were first struck at the Patna mint in AH 986. Two years later the type changed to a more ornate and formal composition, represented by this coin. These coins are much rarer than the previous rectangular type. Provenance: P.R. Krishna Collection

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Akbar (1556-1605 AD), gold mohur, Dar al-Zarb Patna mint, AH 985, KM 108.4, Liddle Akbar G-6, 10.81g. Obv: Shahada and date within a dotted square border along with a flower symbol above the word allah; names and titles of Rashidoons around. Rev: Full name and title of the Emperor Jalal al-Din Muhammad Akbar Padishah Ghazi in a mihrab-shaped dotted cartouche with invocation Khallada Allah Mulkahu at top and mint-name below.

Good very fine, Very rare.

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Akbar (1556-1605 AD), silver rupee, Sitpur mint, month Mihr, Ilahi 47, with additional word 'Darb' included in the reverse legend, similar to KM 94.4, 11.18g. Obv: Persian legend Jal Jalalhu Akbar Allah within 4-pointed star. Rev: Persian legend Darb Zarb Sitpur Mihr Ilahi 47 within decorated border.

Good very fine, Very rare.

This coin, bearing the usual 'Ilahi' legends of Akbar's coinage of that type, has the word 'Sitpur' written in a curious way which makes it read 'Saimur'. 'Saimur' was the ancient Arabic name of the seaport of Chaul on the Konkan coast so some early numismatists attributed these coins to Chaul. However, when the coins were struck the name 'Saimur' had fallen out of fashion for a long time and Chaul was firmly in control of the Nizam Shahi Sultanate. The additional word 'Darb' which was the denominational term for a half Rupee is also interesting to have appeared on a full Rupee coin.

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Akbar (1556-1605 AD), gold square mohur of 10-rupees (heavy weight), Urdu Zafar Qarin mint (fully visible), AH Alf (1000), KM 112.4, 12.10g. Obv: Kalima within a calligraphic rectangle formed by marginal inscriptions, which refer to the names and qualities of the Rashidoon caliphs. Rev: Full name of the emperor Jalal ud-din Muhammad Akbar Badshah Ghazi in the centre, mint name below and invocation Khallada Allah Ta'ala Mulkahu above.

This coin displays good eye appeal, sharp alluring calligraphy, and a nice appearance, a small test mark on edge otherwise Uncirculated, Extremely rare in this high grade.

The term 'Urdu' refers to a camp or mobile mint, implying a minting facility that moved alongside the imperial army. “Urdu Zafar Qarin” translates to “the camp associated with victory.” Provenance: P.R. Krishna Collection

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Akbar (1556-1605 AD), silver square rupee, Urdu mint, AH 987, KM 82.10, Zeno #23950, 11.36g. Obv: Shahada in quadri-lobed cartouche; names of Rashidoons in margins. Rev: Emperor's full name Jalal ud-din Muhammad Akbar Badshah Ghazi in four-pointed Mihrabi cartouche with AH date; Khallada Allah in top margins and mint-name in the lower margins.

Extremely fine, Extremely rare.

The term 'Urdu' refers to a camp or mobile mint, implying a minting facility that moved alongside the imperial army. These coins were used for Akbar's vast retinue during its stay in various parts of his dominions.

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Akbar (1556-1605 AD), silver square rupee, mintless type, Ilahi 33, KM 91.1, 11.40g. Obv: Persian legend Allahu Akbar. Rev: Persian legend Jalla Jalalahu Ilahi 33. Decorative floral fields and dotted border visible on both sides.

A beautiful coin exhibiting a bold strike with glowing bright luster, Without any test-mark. Uncirculated, Rare in this grade.

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Jahangir (1605-1627 AD) - gold 'Sawai' mohur, struck to 25% overweight standard, Agra mint, Farwardin month, AH 1020/RY 6, unpublished in major sources, 25.61mm, 13.60g. Obv: Farsi hemistich ba-Farwardin Zar-i Agrah Firozān G asht chun Akhtar. (In Farwardin, the gold of Agra became glaring like a star). Rev: Farsi hemistich za Noor-i Sikkah-i Shah J ahangir ibn Shah Akbar. (By the light of the stamp of king Jahangir the son of King Akbar)

A beautiful and highly attractive specimen with outstanding eye appeal, Struck in high relief, Decorative floral fields and motifs throughout the flan on both sides. A tiny edge mark on obverse, Uncirculated, Exceedingly rare. The first time this type has ever been offered at any auction.

The 'Sawai' or 25% heavy mohurs and rupees struck by Jahangir are often considered to be the zenith of his coinage - some of the most attractive and artistically superlative Mughal coins were struck during these five years. Outstanding amongst them are the series in which coins of each Ilahi month carried a different couplet - a testament to Jahangir's love for Farsi poetry - that extolled the virtue of the king's name. Many couplets allude to the ability of the king whose name literally meant 'the World grasper', to impart distinct qualities to the coins. Here, the stamp of Jahangir's name is said to make the gold shine like a celestial star. The dies are engraved with the highest attention to detail, with beautiful nastaliq lettering offset against an extremely delicate floral backdrop, as if the letters were laid out on a richly embroidered cloth. A true masterpiece of Mughal numismatic design and a tribute to the skills of the calligrapher and the die engraver.

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Jahangir (1605-1627 AD), gold 'Sawai' mohur, struck to 25% overweight standard, Agra mint, 'Khusru-e-Giti Panah’ couplet, AH 1018/RY 4, KM 185.1, Liddle Jahangir G-45, 13.61g. Obv: Farsi hemistich Shahe Noor-ud-din Jahangir ibn Akbar Badshah with RY date to left. Rev: Farsi hemistich sikkah zad dar shahr Agra Khusru-e-Giti Panah (Struck coin in the city of Agra, the Khusru, the refuge of the world) with AH date at bottom.

A highly attractive example with an excellent eye appeal and beautiful floral fields on both sides. About uncirculated, Extremely rare.

Despite a small hoard of Sawai mohurs appearing on the market in 2023, only a few were of high quality, and this specimen stands out as one of the finest amongst them.

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Jahangir (1605-1627 AD), gold 'Sawai' mohur, struck to 25% overweight standard, Agra mint, 'Khusru-e-Giti Panah’ couplet, AH 1018/RY 5, KM 185.1, Liddle Jahangir G-45, Zeno #365104, 13.61g. Obv: Farsi hemistich Shahe Noor-ud-din Jahangir ibn Akbar Badshah with RY date to left. Rev: Farsi hemistich sikkah zad dar shahr Agra Khusru-e-Giti Panah (Struck coin in the city of Agra, the Khusru, the refuge of the world) with AH date at bottom.

A highly attractive example with an excellent eye appeal and beautiful floral fields on both sides. About uncirculated, Extremely rare.

Despite a small hoard of Sawai mohurs appearing on the market in 2023, only a few were of high quality, and this specimen stands out as one of the finest amongst them.

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The Zodiacal rupees of Agra mint - A mention in the 'Tuzuq-i Jahangiri', the memoirs of emperor Jahangir for the 14th regnal year records that he had an idea that the Zodiacal sun sign representing every solar Ilahi month should be depicted on his coins, rather than just an inscribed mention of it. This innovation prompted the famous Zodiacal series of Jahangir's coinage, often considered the Zenith of Mughal Numismatics in terms of its artistic beauty and historicity, not to mention its lure to the connoisseur collectors of Mughal coins. Zodiacal coins were struck as rupees and mohurs. While Agra predominates as a mint for known gold mohurs, rupees are most commonly known for Ahmadabad. Rupees of Agra, in comparison, are much rare - sometimes even more so than the mohurs. Jahangir (1605-1627 AD), silver 'Zodiacal' rupee, Agra mint, 'Aries' sign (Farwardin month), AH 1028/RY 14, struck from the gold mohur dies, KM 150.1 (date not listed), 11.37g. Obv: Zodiac sign of Aries the Ram - Constellation of Varak/Mesha, r ecumbent left with head turned backwards, against a half sunburst with RY below. Rev: Farsi couplet Rooye Zar Zewar yaft dar Agrah/ az Jahangir Shah Akbar Shah (The face of gold received ornaments at Agra from Jahangir Shah [son of] Akbar Shah) with AH date.

An attractive specimen with excellent eye appeal. Extremely fine, Exceptionally rare.

On the 23rd day of the Ilahi month Farwardin, the first month of the solar and regnal year 13, the Emperor's camp was close to Ahmadabad, the capital of the Province of Gujarat. This is when the idea of putting Zodiacal signs on coins entered Jahangir's mind. The earliest issues from Agra, however, begin with the next regnal year when Jahangir returned to Agra. This is the coin of the first month, Farwardin, of RY 14, represented by Aries or ram. This silver rupee is a die-identical piece with the gold mohur Zeno #304531.

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Jahangir (1605-1627 AD), 'Zodiacal' rupee, Agra mint, 'Taurus' sign (Ardibihisht month), AH 1030/RY 16, struck from the gold mohur dies, KM 150.4, 11.11g. Obv: Zodiac sign of Taurus the Bull - Constellation of Tora/Vrishabha, standing facing right, against a full sunburst. Rev: Farsi couplet Rooye Zar Zewar yaft dar Agrah/ az Jahangir Shah Akbar Shah ("the face of gold was given light in Agra, by king Jahangir (the son of) king Akbar") with AH date and RY.

Good very fine, Extremely rare.

Since the Ilahi months were solar months and corresponded with the solar ecliptic (an imaginary line in the sky that marks the annual path of the sun), each Zodiac sign was accompanied with a sunburst backdrop, either a full circle or a semicircle. This silver rupee is a die-identical piece with the gold mohur Zeno 161344.

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Jahangir (1605-1627 AD), silver 'Zodiacal' rupee, Agra mint, 'Taurus' sign (Ardibihisht month), AH 1030/RY 16, struck from the gold mohur dies, KM 150.4, 10.92g. Obv: Zodiac sign of Taurus the Bull - Constellation of Tora/Vrishabha, standing facing right against a full sunburst. Rev: Farsi couplet Rooye Zar Zewar yaft dar Agrah/ az Jahangir Shah Akbar Shah ("the face of gold was given light in Agra, by king Jahangir (the son of) king Akbar") with AH date and RY.

About very fine, Extremely rare.

Since the Ilahi months were solar months and corresponded with the solar ecliptic (an imaginary line in the sky that marks the annual path of the sun), each Zodiac sign was accompanied with a sunburst backdrop, either a full circle or a semicircle.

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Jahangir (1605-1627 AD) - silver 'Zodiacal' rupee, Agra mint, 'Cancer' sign (Tir month), AH 1029/RY 15, KM 150.9, 11.39g. Obv: Zodiac sign of Cancer the Crab - Constellation of Karkata, half sunburst between its claws; stars flanking lower legs with RY date below. Rev: Farsi couplet Rooye Zar Zewar yaft dar Agrah/ az Jahangir Shah Akbar Shah ("the face of gold was given light in Agra, by king Jahangir (the son of) king Akbar") with AH date.

A highly appealing and impressive specimen, superbly preserved and struck in high relief, with excellent eye appeal. About uncirculated, Exceptionally rare. Notably, no examples are recorded in Zeno or in CoinArchives.

Many Zodiacal coins show reuse of dies from one year to the next, having preserved the last die in use for a month if it had survived the manufacturing process. The obverse of this coin, shows signs that the RY is re-engraved from 14 to 15, while the reverse bears AH 1029. Cancer represents the third month of Tir in the Ilahi solar calendar.

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Jahangir (1605-1627 AD), silver 'Zodiacal' rupee, Agra mint, 'Scorpio' sign (Aban month), AH 1028/RY 14, struck from the gold mohur dies; rupee unlisted in KM but similar to gold mohur KM 180.14, 11.18g. Obv: Zodiac sign of Scorpio the Scorpion - Constellation of Gazdum/Vrishchika, facing left, with hooked tail, against a sunburst. Rev: Farsi couplet Rooye Zar Zewar yaft dar Agrah/ az Jahangir Shah Akbar Shah ("the face of gold was given light in Agra, by king Jahangir (the son of) king Akbar") with AH date and RY.

A beautifully preserved coin exhibiting excellent eye appeal, Good very fine, Unique so far. The first specimen to be offered at any auction - certain to attract the attention of many collectors. Notably, no examples are recorded in Zeno or in CoinArchives.

One of the rarest of silver Zodiacal rupees, perhaps only beaten by Virgo, of which only one specimen is known. Issued during the first year of the inception of Zodiacal coinage, coins of Scorpio sign had a shorter issuing period as the Hijri year 1028 runs out in early November 1619. This rupee is die-identical to the mohur Zeno 161351.

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Jahangir (1605-1627 AD) - silver 'Jahangiri' rupee, struck to 20% overweight standard, Agra mint, 'Sakhat Noorani’ couplet, AH 1015/RY '1', KM 155.1, 13.48g. Obv: Farsi hemistich Shah Noor al-Din Jahangir ibn Akbar Badshah. Rev: Farsi h emistich Rooye zar rā Sakhat Noorani ba-Rang Mihr wa Māh with AH date and mint name.

Floral fields radiating across the flan on both sides. Obverse very fine and reverse extremely fine, Extremely rare.

Soon after Jahangir's accession, he revised the weight standard of his rupees to 20% extra, calling it the 'Jahangiri' standard. This coin, with mention of RY as 1 instead of Ahd, indicates that it was struck before the official coronation.

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Jahangir (1605-1627 AD) - silver rupee, Agra mint, Mihr month, AH 1020/RY 6, unlisted in major references, 11.29g. Obv: Farsi legend Noor al-Din Jahangir Shah Akbar Shah within a mehrabi shaped decorative border. Rev: Mint name, Ilahi month, date and RY; within a decorative double scalloped border.

Very fine, Extremely rare

After he abolished the Sawai standard on 11 Ardibihisht of AH1020/RY6, Jahangir issued a series of highly decorative coins of normal weight. At Agra during alternate months rupees were struck in square and round shape using the Ilahi era - Farwardin (round), Ardibihisht (square), Khurdad (round), Tir (square), Amardad (round), Shahrewar (square), Mihr (round), Aban (square), Azar (round), Di (square), Bahman (round) and Isfandarmuz (square). This is a round rupee of Mihr month in this series.

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