Archaic silver punch-marked coin, Gomti-Ghagra River Valley region, usually attributed to Ayodhya Janapada (c.600-400 BC), Vimshatika standard, similar to MATEC 2167-2182, 17.81mm; 4.90g. Obv: One large punch of 'six semicircles around a bold dot' symbol, a secondary punch of bull plus a third punch of a sun symbol. Rev: Blank.

Extremely fine for the type, Extremely rare.

The 'Ayodhya' series is one of the rarest of North Indian archaic punch-marked series with very few surviving specimens known. It was most likely one of the earliest coin series in India, loosely contemporary with the 'bent bar' coinage in Gandhara, the scyphate punch marked coins of Kashi and the 'pulley'-type coins of Western Deccan.

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Archaic silver punch-marked coin, upper Chambal- Kali Sindh valley region, Nagda hoard type, usually attributed to 'Avanti Janapada', (c.500-400 BC), Karshapana standard, Rajgor series 22, 22.78mm; 3.31g. Obv: four symbols - 1. Elephant facing right, 2. Bull walking to left, 3. Three lunettes with taurines, 4. an animal and geometric symbol. Rev: plain.

Very fine, Extremely rare.

The coins discovered in the Nagda hoard were distributed through the late Shailendra Singh Sharma and published by Dr S K Bhatt. They constitute a very early series of 4-symbol coins with ABCD configuration, found to the West of the Yamuno-Gangetic divide.

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Indo-Greeks, silver tetradrachm of Eucratides II (145-140 BC), attic standard, BN series 1, 17.05g. Obv: Diademed, draped bust of the king to right, bead and reel border around. Rev: Apollo standing left, holding a bow (resting on the ground) in right hand and an arrow in the left; Greek legend BAΣIΛEΩΣ (BASILEOS) to right and EYKPATIΔOY (EUKRATIDOU) to left, a monogram in inner left field.

NGC AU [Strike: 5/5, Surface: 3/5], Excellent strike with sharp details, Very rare.

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Kushan Empire - copper tetradrachm of Kanishka I (c.127-151 AD), 'Buddha' type, main mint (probably Begram), late phase, Göbl 786, 26.07mm; 16.96g. Obv: Kanishka I standing facing, head left, wearing long beard, diadem with ribbons, conical cap, belted tunic, trousers, and boots, offering sacrifice at an altar at left, holding spear in left hand; Bactrian legend ShAO…NEShKI around. Rev: Shakyamuni Buddha standing facing, nimbate, hair in topknot, wearing monk's robes holding the end with folds in left hand at waist, right hand raised in gesture of abhayamudra; tamgha to left, Bactrian legend Cakamano Boudo around.

Very fine, Extremely rare.

Kanishka issued coins with Buddha image towards the end of his reign possibly to coincide with the Great Buddhist Congress he had hosted. Two depictions are known - one of the historic Buddha, or 'Shakyamuni' (this coin) and the other of the Future Buddha or 'Maitreya'. Buddha Shakyamuni is shown wearing monk's robes or 'Sanghati', held together in his left hand. With his right hand he makes a gesture of reassurance (Abhaya). This depiction is comparable to the one on the Bimaran relic casket and adjudged to be one of the earliest human depictions of the Buddha. While the Buddha himself disliked being worshipped as a god, this notion became a founding principle of Mahayana Buddhism, of which Kanishka was a patron.

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Kushans, Kanishka I (c.127-151 AD), gold dinar, 'OEShO' (Shiva) type, Gobl 37, 19.65mm; 7.92g. Obv: King Kanishka wearing hat and tunic, standing facing, head left, with long beard, flame emanating from right shoulder, holding a spear in his left hand and offering sacrifice at an altar with other hand, dotted border beneath feet, Bactrian legend ÞAONANOÞAO KA-NHÞKI KOÞANO around. Rev: Four-armed Oesho (Shiva), standing nimbate, facing left, hair in topknot, wearing dhoti, carrying attributes and offering ablutions with outstretched lower right hand and holding an antelope (mriga) by the horns in lower left hand, holding Vajra/damru in upper right hand and trident-staff in upper left hand, Bactrian legend OHÞO in the right field, a tamgha in the left field, dotted border around.

Well defined features with fully legible legend, Extremely fine, Very rare.

Provenance: P.R. Krishna Collection

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Kushans, Huvishka (c.151-190 AD), gold dinar, 'MAO' (Moon god) type, Gobl 148, 19.40mm; 7.88g. Obv: Crowned half-length bust of Huvishka, facing left, emerging from clouds, wearing a moustache and heavy sideburns, with a prominent wart on the cheek, loose-fitting tunic, flames emanating from right shoulder, round helmet with crest ornament, twin pronged forehead ornament, diadem with triangular tie and double ladder-like ribbons to right, holding mace-sceptre and the hilt of his sword, Bactrian legend ÞAONANOÞAO O-[OHÞKI KOÞANO] (Huvishka the Kushan, King of Kings) around. Rev: Moon God Mao standing, lunar "horns" at shoulders, facing left, wearing cloak around shoulders, extending arm raised in benediction and holding hilt of sword in other hand; Bactrian legend MAO (Moon god) in the right field, a tamgha in the left field, dotted border around.

Very fine, Rare.

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Kushans, Huvishka (c.151-190 AD), gold dinar, 'MAO' (Moon god) type, main mint in Baktria (Balkh?), Gobl 150, 21.86mm; 7.87g. Obv: Crowned half-length bust of Huvishka, facing left, emerging from clouds, wearing a moustache and heavy sideburns, with a prominent wart on the cheek, loose-fitting tunic with jeweled collar, flames emanating from right shoulder, round helmet with crest ornament, twin-pronged forehead ornament, and a jewelled rim, diadem with triangular tie and double ladder-like ribbons to right, holding mace-sceptre and the hilt of his sword, Bactrian legend ÞAONANOÞAO O OHÞKI KOÞANO (Huvishka the Kushan, King of Kings) around. Rev: Moon God Mao standing, lunar "horns" at shoulders, facing left, wearing cloak around shoulders clasped at chest over tunic, holding a long scepter in his left hand and right hand on hip, small sword hung from his waist; Bactrian legend MAO (Moon god) in the right field, a tamgha with crossbar in the left field, dotted border around.

A clear and well-centered example, with an attractive appearance, Good very fine, Very rare.

Mao is the Kushan representation of the Iranian lunar deity 'Mah', derived from Zoroastrian tradition and associated with destiny, prosperity, and cosmic order. He is often shown with a crescent emerging from his shoulders, symbolizing his connection to the moon. In this very rare type, the lunar deity is seen holding in left hand a long scepter, and not the hilt of his sword as on the common type. Provenance: P.R. Krishna Collection

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Kushan Empire, Huvishka (c.150-180 AD), gold dinar, 'NANAÞAO' (Goddess Nana) type, main mint in Baktria (Balkh?), early phase, Gobl 153, 19.20mm; 7.96g. Obv: Crowned half-length bust of Huvishka, facing left, emerging from clouds, wearing a moustache and heavy sideburns, with a prominent wart on the cheek, loose-fitting tunic with jeweled collar, flames emanating from right shoulder, round helmet with crest ornament, twin-pronged forehead ornament, and a jewelled rim, diadem with triangular tie and double ladder-like ribbons to right, holding mace-sceptre and the hilt of his sword, Bactrian legend ÞAONANOÞAO O-OHÞKI KOÞANO (Huvishka the Kushan, King of Kings) around. Rev: Goddess Nana (Nanashao), nimbate, standing facing, turned right, hair held by diadem at back with ribbons to left and crescent at top, right knee bent as if taking a step, wearing loose fitting robe, holding a wand with horse protome in right hand at waist and bowl in left hand, hooked sword emerging from behind; Bactrian legend NANAÞAO (Nanashao) at left and tamgha in right field, dotted border around.

A well-preserved coin exhibiting bright luster and a superb strike, with very well-defined details and all attributes clearly visible.Uncirculated, V ery rare.

On the reverse appears the goddess Nanashao, the Bactrian form of the Iranian-Mesopotamian deity Nanaia, associated with war, fertility, power, and prosperity. Her inclusion on the coinage exemplifies the Kushan policy of embracing diverse religious traditions within the imperial pantheon, reinforcing the ruler's universal sovereignty and divine legitimacy. Provenance: P.R. Krishna Collection

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Kushan Empire, Huvishka (c.150-180 AD), gold ¼ dinar, 'NANAÞAO' (Goddess Nana) type, subsidiary mint in Gandhara (Peshawar?), early phase, Gobl 165, 13.51mm; 1.68g. Obv: Crowned half-length bust of Huvishka, facing left, emerging from clouds, wearing a moustache and heavy sideburns, with a prominent wart on the cheek, loose-fitting tunic with jeweled collar, flames emanating from right shoulder, round helmet with crest ornament, twin-pronged forehead ornament, and a jewelled rim, diadem with triangular tie and double ladder-like ribbons to right, holding mace-sceptre in right hand and the hilt of sword in left hand, Bactrian legend ÞANONOÞAO O-ONÞKI KOÞANO (Huvishka the Kushan, King of Kings) around. Rev: Goddess Nana (Nanashao), nimbate, standing facing, turned right, spiked hair held by diadem at back with ribbons to left, right knee bent as if taking a step, wearing loose fitting robe, holding a wand with horse protome in right hand at waist and bowl in left hand, hooked sword emerging from behind; Bactrian legend NANAÞAO (Nanashao) at left and tamgha with crossbar in right field, dotted border around.

An exceptionally rare coin, struck on a proof-like flan from high-relief dies.
No other examples in sales archives.

On the reverse appears the goddess Nanashao, the Bactrian form of the Iranian-Mesopotamian deity Nanaia, associated with war, fertility, power, and prosperity. Her inclusion on the coinage exemplifies the Kushan policy of embracing diverse religious traditions within the imperial pantheon, reinforcing the ruler's universal sovereignty and divine legitimacy.

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Kushans, Huvishka (c.150-180 AD), gold dinar, 'MIIÞO' (Sun god Miiro) type, main mint in Baktria (Balkh?), Gobl 138, 19.60mm; 7.88g. Obv: Crowned half-length bust of Huvishka, facing left, emerging from clouds, wearing a moustache and heavy sideburns, with a prominent wart on the cheek, tunic with jeweled collar, flames emanating from right shoulder, round helmet with crest ornament, twin-pronged forehead ornament, and a jewelled rim, diadem with triangular tie and double ladder-like ribbons to right, holding mace-sceptre and the hilt of his sword, Bactrian legend ÞhOhAhOÞAO O OhÞKI KOÞAhO around. Rev: The Sun god Miiro (Mithra), standing facing, nimbate and radiate, head left, wearing cloak around shoulders with chevron patterning, extending arm raised in benediction and holding hilt of sword in other hand; Bactrian legend MIIÞO (Miiro) in the right field, a tamgha in the left field, dotted border around.

An attractive lustrous specimen featuring a magnificent strike, with full details and attributes distinctly visible in the portraits of Huvishka and Miiro.
Uncirculated, Very rare.

Huvishka's coinage reflects the remarkable syncretism of the Kushan pantheon, combining Iranian, Indian and Greco-Roman deities. On reverse, the Sun god Miiro, the Bactrian form of the Iranian deity Mithra, is depicted as the radiant guardian of light, truth and divine covenant. This reflects the Kushan policy of incorporating diverse religious traditions within the imperial pantheon. Provenance: P.R. Krishna Collection

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Kushans, Huvishka (c.150-180 AD), gold dinar, 'MIIÞO' (Sun god Miiro) type, subsidiary mint in Gandhara (Peshawar?), Gobl 291, 20.05mm; 7.70g. Obv: Crowned half-length bust of Huvishka, facing left, emerging from clouds, wearing a tunic with jeweled collar, flames emanating from right shoulder, round helmet with crest ornament, twin-pronged forehead ornament, diadem with triangular tie and ribbons to right, holding mace-sceptre and the hilt of his sword, Bactrian legend ÞhOhAhOÞAO O OhÞKI KOÞAhO around. Rev: The Sun god Miiro (Mithra), standing facing, nimbate and radiate, head left, wearing cloak around shoulders, extending right arm raised in benediction, filleted scepter behind, holding hilt of sword in left hand; Bactrian legend MIIÞO (Miiro) in the right field, a tamgha in the left field, dotted border around.

Fully legible legend, Very fine, Rare.

Huvishka's coinage reflects the remarkable syncretism of the Kushan pantheon, combining Iranian, Indian and Greco-Roman deities. On reverse, the Sun god Miiro, the Bactrian form of the Iranian deity Mithra, is depicted as the radiant guardian of light, truth and divine covenant. This reflects the Kushan policy of incorporating diverse religious traditions within the imperial pantheon. Provenance: P.R. Krishna Collection

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Kushans, Huvishka (c.150-190 AD), gold dinar, 'OHÞO' (Four-armed Shiva) type, subsidiary mint in Gandhara (Peshawar?), Gobl 308, 18.74mm; 7.80g. Obv: Crowned half-length bust of Huvishka, facing left, emerging from clouds, wearing a moustache and heavy sideburns, with a prominent wart on the cheek, loose-fitting tunic with jeweled collar, flames emanating from right shoulder, round helmet with crest ornament, twin-pronged forehead ornament, and a jewelled rim, diadem with triangular tie and double ladder-like ribbons to right, holding mace-sceptre and the hilt of his sword, Bactrian legend ÞAONANOÞAO O-OHÞKI KOÞANO (Huvishka the Kushan, King of Kings) around. Rev: Four-armed Oesho (Shiva), standing nimbate, facing left, hair in topknot, wearing dhoti, bracelets, and armlets with amulet string across chest, carrying attributes and offering ablutions with outstretched lower right hand and holding an antelope (mriga) by the horns in lower left hand, holding Vajra/damru in upper right hand and trident-staff in upper left hand, Bactrian legend OHÞO (Oesho) in the right field, a tamgha in the left field, dotted border around.

Well defined details, About extremely fine, Very rare.

Provenance: P.R. Krishna Collection

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Kushans - gold dinar of Huvishka (c.155-190 AD), 'ODIIO' (Goddess Nana) type, Göbl 326, 20.06mm; 7.90g. Obv: Crowned half-length bust of Huvishka, facing left, emerging from clouds, wearing a tunic with jewelled collar, flames emanating from right shoulder, round helmet, twin-pronged forehead ornament, diadem with triangular tie and ribbons to right, holding mace-sceptre and the hilt of his sword; traces of Bactrian legend around. Rev: Goddess Nana walking to right with horse-headed sceptre in her right hand and a bowl in her left hand; Bactrian legend OANO/ODIIO (mis-spelling for NANA) in the left field and Tamgha to right, full dotted border around.

An attractive lustrous specimen, Sharp strike, About extremely fine, Very rare.

Goddess Nana (Nanashao in Bactrian) was an eastern Iranian goddess revered by the Bactrians, Sogdians, and Kushans, originally derived from the Iranian-Mesopotamian deity Nanaia. She was associated with fertility, power, war, and prosperity, and was regarded as one of the principal deities of the Kushan pantheon. Provenance: P.R. Krishna Collection

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Kushans, gold dinar of Huvishka (c.151-190 AD), 'NANA' (Goddess Nana) type, main mint in Baktria (Balkh?), late phase, Gobl 376, 21.58mm; 7.86g. Obv: Crowned and nimbate half-length bust of Huvishka, facing left, wearing a moustache, triangular crown decorated with jewels on the side and front, circular and crescent side ornaments, two diadems with triangular ties to right, upper diadem with ribbons to right, lower diadem with ladder-like ribbons, cloak over shoulders clasped at right shoulder, worn over collared decorated tunic, jewel-edged armlets with pearled ornaments on arms and chest, flames emanating from right shoulder, holding a club in his right hand before face and a filleted spear in his left hand over shoulder, Bactrian legend ÞAONANOÞAO O-OHÞ-KOHON around. Rev: Goddess Nana, nimbate, standing facing, turned right, hair held by diadem knotted at back with triangular tie to left, surmounted by crescent, loose fitting robe, holding a wand with lion protome in right hand at waist and bowl in her left hand; Bactrian legend NANA (Nanashao) at left and royal tamgha with crossbar in right field, dotted border around.

A sharply struck superb specimen with well-defined features and full dotted border visible on reverse.
Extremely fine, Extremely rare.

Goddess Nana (Nanashao in Bactrian) was an eastern Iranian goddess revered by the Bactrians, Sogdians, and Kushans, originally derived from the Iranian-Mesopotamian deity Nanaia. She was associated with fertility, power, war, and prosperity, and was regarded as one of the principal deities of the Kushan pantheon. Provenance: P.R. Krishna Collection

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Kushans, Huvishka (c.151-190 AD), gold dinar, 'ΑÞΑEIXÞO' (Aša Vahišta) type, subsidiary mint in Gandhara (Peshawar?), Gobl 342, 20.17mm; 7.74g. Obv: Crowned and nimbate half-length bust of Huvishka, facing left, triangular crown decorated with jewels on the side and front, two diadems with triangular ties to right, upper diadem with ribbons to right, lower diadem with ladder-like ribbons, cloak over shoulders clasped at right shoulder, worn over collared decorated tunic, jewel-edged armlets with pearled ornaments on arms and chest, flames emanating from right shoulder, holding a club in his right hand before face and a filleted spear in his left hand over shoulder, Bactrian legend ÞAOHAHOÞAO O OhÞHI KOÞαHO (sic) around. Rev: Ashaeixsho (Aša Vahišta), nimbate, radiate, and diademed, standing facing, head left, wearing cloak over shoulders, extending right hand in benediction with two fingers raised and other hand on hip; Bactrian legend ΑÞΑEIXÞO at right and tamgha in the left field, dotted border around.

Slight edge knock, Well defined details, Good very fine, Extremely rare.

Ashaeixso (Aša Vahišta) was an important deity in the Iranian pantheon. He is the embodiment of truth and serves as a protector of the righteous, defending their souls against death, illness, and all enemies. As he is said to receive prayers intended for Ahura Mazda, he serves as a divine intermediary between this world and heaven. Aša Vahišta was often invoked with Vohu Manah (Good Purpose), as well as Ātar (Holy Fire).

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Kushan Empire, Vasudeva I (c.190-230 AD), gold dinar, 'OEShO' (Three headed Shiva) type, 20.53mm; 8.02g. Obv: king Vasudeva, nimbate, helmeted and diademed, standing facing left, holding trident, sword at hip held by belt, sacrificing over an altar to left; trident with ribbons to left, Bactrian legend Þ-AONANOÞAO BA-ZOΔHO KOÞANO (Vasudeva the Kushan, king of kings) around. Rev: four-armed and three-headed Shiva standing, facing, hair in topknot, wearing dhoti, holding trident, a diadem, a lotus, and a water pot; behind, the bull Nandi standing left with bell around neck, Bactrian legend OEShO below the bull's head, a tamgha in the right field, dotted border around.

Nicely struck specimen, Good very fine, Exceedingly rare.
We could find only one example of [four-armed, three-headed Shiva with the bull facing left] in the sales archives.

This very important, rare, and wonderfully detailed coin shows the unusual iconographic feature of Oesho/Shiva holding a lotus flower, which is usually associated with Vishnu. Shiva also has three human heads - those on the sides are of Aghora and Vāmadeva. Note the attention to detail in showing Nandi the bull wearing a tiny bell around his neck. Provenance: P.R. Krishna Collection

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Kushan Empire, Vasudeva I (c.190-230 AD), gold dinar, 'OEShO' (Three headed Shiva) type, main mint in Baktria (Balkh?), Gobl 502, 20.62mm; 8.02g. Obv: Nimbate and cuirassed king, wearing a jeweled conical helmet and armour, diadem with ribbons, standing facing, head to left, holding trident, sword at hip held by belt, offering sacrifice at an altar; Bactrian legend Þ-AONANOÞAO BA-ZOΔHO KOÞANO (Vasudeva the Kushan, king of kings) around. Rev: Three headed Shiva standing, facing, hair in topknot, wearing ankle-length dhoti with symmetrical folds, reclining against Nandi the bull facing left, holding a trident in left hand and a diadem in the extended right hand; Bactrian legend OEShO below the bull's head, a tamgha in the right field, dotted border around.

A wonderfully preserved coin, centrally struck, exhibiting nice luster & sharply defined details, with an excellent eye appeal.
Uncirculated, Extremely rare.

Vasudeva I was one of the last major ruler of the Kushan Empire, under whom the dynasty retained much of its former prestige before gradually fragmenting due to Sasanian pressure in the west and the rise of regional powers in India. His coinage, issued from regions extending between Bactria and northern India (Mathura), reflects a strong syncretic culture, combining Bactrian legends with distinctly Indian iconography. His coins frequently depicts Oesho (Shiva) standing beside his bull Nandi, symbolizing the growing prominence of Indian religious influence, while still retaining Greek legends and Kushan symbols. Provenance: P.R. Krishna Collection

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Kushans, Vasudeva I (c.190-230 AD), gold dinar, 'OEShO' (Shiva) type, main mint in Baktria (Balkh?), Gobl 503, 20.03mm; 7.96g. Obv: Nimbate and cuirassed king, wearing a jeweled conical helmet and armor, diadem with ribbons, standing facing, head to left, holding trident, sword at hip held by belt, offering sacrifice over an altar; Bactrian legend Þ-AONANOÞAO BA-ZOΔHO KOÞANO (Vasudeva the Kushan, king of kings) around. Rev: Shiva standing, head facing front, hair in topknot and curls continuing over shoulders, wearing ankle-length dhoti with symmetrical folds, reclining against Nandi the bull facing left, holding a trident in left hand and a diadem in the extended right hand; Bactrian legend OEShO below the bull's head, a tamgha in the right field, dotted border around.

An attractive specimen with nice lustrous surfaces and rich detail on the king's outfit, Centrally struck with full dotted border visible on reverse, Uncirculated, Very rare.

Vasudeva I was one of the last major ruler of the Kushan Empire, under whom the dynasty retained much of its former prestige before gradually fragmenting due to Sasanian pressure in the west and the rise of regional powers in India. His coinage, issued from regions extending between Bactria and northern India (Mathura), reflects a strong syncretic culture, combining Bactrian legends with distinctly Indian iconography. His coins frequently depicts Oesho (Shiva) standing beside his bull Nandi, symbolizing the growing prominence of Indian religious influence, while still retaining Greek legends and Kushan symbols.hh Provenance: P.R. Krishna Collection

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Kushans, Vasishka (c.249-265 AD), gold dinar, main mint in Mathura/Gandhara, Late phase, Göbl 557, 20.91mm; 7.18g. Obv: Nimbate and diademed king, wearing conical headgear and tunic, holding standard, offering sacrifice over an altar, filleted trident with ribbon at left, Brahmi letter 'Nya' to right of altar, letter 'Tha' between the legs and letter 'Vi' in the right field next to standard; Bactrian legend ÞAONANOÞAO BAZH-ÞKO KOÞANO around. Rev: Goddess of plenty Ardokhsho seated on a high-backed throne, nimbate head facing, holding a cornucopia in her left hand and a diadem in her extended right hand, feet on mat, tamgha to upper left; Brahmi letter 'Tha' to upper right and Bactrian legend APΔOXÞO (ARDOKhShO) in the right margin.

Chisel marks, Good very fine, Rare.

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Post-Kushan Gangetic Valley, 'Mashra'/'Magra' (250-300 AD), gold dinar, Gobl 578, 18.20mm; 7.73g. Obv: Nimbate king, standing facing left, head with halo, wearing a tunic, holding a standard with Chakra on top and offering sacrifice at an altar, a trident with pennant tied in the background; pseudo-Bactrian inscription ÞOONONO KOOÞO around, with Brahmi letters 'Ga' under the king's raised arm, and 'Ma Shra' to the right of the standard. Rev: Goddess Ardokhsho seated on a high-backed throne, nimbate head facing, holding a cornucopia in her left hand and a diadem in her extended right hand, pseudo-Bactrian inscription ?O?O to right and tamgha in the upper left field.

Extremely fine, Well-defined features, Very rare.

Magra is known only from his coins. The depiction of a staff surmounted by a chakra, in place of the usual banner, indicates a possible connection with the Kacha type coinage of the Gupta ruler Samudragupta. It is therefore likely that Magra was a local rebel or chieftain who allied with the Guptas against the Kushans. Provenance: P.R. Krishna Collection

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Gupta Empire, gold dinar of Samudra Gupta, (c.350-375 AD), 'Standard/Javelin' type, S. Kumar Class II, var. A, 19.32mm; 7.58g. Obv: Nimbate and armoured king, wearing tunic, standing and holding a standard, offering sacrifice at an altar, with a Garuda standard in the backdrop; Brahmi legend Samudra below the king's flexed arm; Brahmi legend Samarashatavitatavijayo jitaripurajito divam jayati visible in parts starting from 1 o'clock along the margin. Rev: Nimbate Goddess Lakshmi, enthroned facing, holding a noose in her outstretched arm and a cornucopia in her other hand, with her feet placed on a dotted footrest; Brahmi legend Parakramah in the right field, a Tamgha in the left field.

Sharp strike with vivid details, Extremely fine, Very rare.

Samudragupta introduced several distinctive gold coin types during his long reign and litany of conquests, the most standard of which is the javelin type. The obverse legend reads as, “The invincible (king) who had won the victories on a hundred battlefields and conquered the enemies, wins the heavens”, while the reverse bears the legend Parākramaḥ, meaning “courage” or “valour” signifying his exceptional bravery and skill in combat. Provenance: P.R. Krishna Collection

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Gupta Empire, gold dinar of Samudra Gupta (350-375 AD), 'Standard/Javelin' type, S. Kumar Class II, var. E, 19.16mm; 7.49g. Obv: Nimbate and armoured king, wearing tunic, standing and holding a standard, offering sacrifice at an altar, with a Garuda standard in the backdrop; Brahmi legend Samudra Gupta in two vertical lines below the king's flexed arm; Brahmi legend Samarashatavitatavijayo jitaripurajito divam jayati visible in parts starting from 8 o'clock along the margin. Rev: Nimbate Goddess Lakshmi, enthroned facing, holding a noose in her outstretched arm and a cornucopia in her other hand, with her feet placed on a dotted footrest; Brahmi legend Parakramah in the right field, a Tamgha in the left field, dotted border around.

Very fine, Very rare.

Samudragupta introduced several distinctive gold coin types during his long reign and litany of conquests, the most standard of which is the javelin type. The obverse legend reads as, “The invincible (king) who had won the victories on a hundred battlefields and conquered the enemies, wins the heavens”, while the reverse bears the legend Parākramaḥ, meaning “courage” or “valour” signifying his exceptional bravery and skill in combat.

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Gupta Empire, gold dinar of Samudra Gupta (345-375 AD), 'Lyrist' type, Altekar, var. A, S. Kumar var. A.1, 22.76mm; 7.63g. Obv: Nimbate king sits sideways in a Lalitasana posture with his right leg folded, seated on a high backed throne (Manchaka), facing left, bare-chested, wearing skull-cap and short-dhoti, a pearled necklace and large earrings, playing a seven-stringed lute (veena) with his right hand; Brahmi letter 'Si' below the couch and Brahmi legend Maharajadhiraja Sri-Samudraguptah (The Great King of Kings, his highness Samudragupta) around. Rev: Nimbate Goddess Lakshmi seated in profile, facing left, on a decorative wicker-stool with couch back, holding a cornucopia in her left hand and a noose or diadem in her right hand; Brahmi legend Samudraguptah in right field, dotted border around.

A stunning coin with well-defined details, struck on a Broad flan, Well centered with complete dotted border visible on reverse, Nearly Extremely fine, Extremely rare.

According to S. Kumar, a total of 98 specimens of this type are known. The Lyrist type coins of Samudragupta showcases the king as an accomplished musician, seated and playing the lyre (veena), highlighting his refined artistic talents. A Brahmi letter 'Si' appears beneath the king's throne, signifying 'Siddham' in Sanskrit, meaning success; the same symbol also appears on the Ashvamedha type coins. Coins of Variety A are considered aesthetically superior to those of Variety B. The present coin belongs to Variety A, identified by the absence of the tamgha on the reverse-a symbol found on coins of Variety B.

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Gupta Empire - gold dinar of Samudra Gupta (c.350-375 AD), 'Kacha' type, S. Kumar Class I, var. A.1, 19.80mm; 7.43g. Obv: nimbate king, wearing tunic, standing holding a 'Chakra' standard, offering sacrifice at an altar; Brahmi legend Kacha under the king's arm holding the standard and Kacho Gāmavajitya….ruttamairja... around. Rev: nimbate goddess, standing facing left holding cornucopia and lotus; Brahmi legend Sarvarajochhettah to right and a Tamgha in the left field.

Very fine, Reverse better, Very rare.

Almost all previous scholars have regarded the gold coins of 'Kacha' to Samudra Gupta; however, Sanjeev Kumar attributes them to Rama Gupta. The title “Sarvarajocchettah” (Exterminator of all Kings) is held by Samudra Gupta in his eulogy inscription on the Ilahabad Pillar. Provenance: P.R. Krishna Collection

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Gupta Empire - gold dinar of Chandragupta II (c.375-415 AD), 'Archer-Goddess on Lotus' type, S. Kumar Class III, var. A.3, 19mm; 7.77g. Obv: Nimbate king standing facing left, wearing tight-fitting cap and large earring, long-tailed Kushan styled tunic and leggings, holding strung bow in left hand and arrow pointing downwards in right, Garuda standard in backdrop; Brahmi legend Chandra below left arm and …Chandra Guptah to left. Rev: Nimbate Goddess Lakshmi, wearing earrings, seated cross-legged on lotus in padmasana posture, with both arms raised away from knees, holding long-stemmed lotus flower in left and diadem in right hand; Brahmi legend Shri Vikkramah to right and tamgha in left field.

A beautifully preserved specimen, well-defined details with lustre showing through.
About uncirculated, Extremely rare in this grade.

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